{"id":97,"date":"2025-03-28T17:25:12","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T17:25:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/?page_id=97"},"modified":"2025-04-02T22:31:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T22:31:29","slug":"methods","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/methods\/","title":{"rendered":"METHODS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-background\">\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-349\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:60px;height:60px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods.png 1448w, https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods-300x207.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods-1024x707.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods-768x530.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1448px) 100vw, 1448px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ad740bf44634cfc7f55af8f4ef0fc8d1\" style=\"color:#4b2377;font-style:normal;font-weight:800\">Methods<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; \">\n    <div\n        style=\"\n        flex-grow: 1;\n        height: 2px;\n        background-color: #4ec16a;\n        position: relative;\n        \"\n    >\n        <div\n            style=\"\n                position: absolute;\n                top: 50%;\n                right: 0;\n                transform: translate(50%, -50%);\n                width: 12px;\n                height: 12px;\n                background-color: #4ec16a;\n                border-radius: 50%;\n\n\n            \"\n        >\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"townhalls-heading text-center\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; color: #4b2777;\">Team<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\t<div id=\"fullCommunityTeamContainer\" >\n\t  <div class=\"team-container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"team-member\">\n\t\t  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/emma_nichols.png\" class=\"d-block rounded-circle mx-auto\" \/>\n\t\t  <p class=\"mt-2 fw-bold\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Emma Nichols<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">University of Southern California<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Epidemiologist & Domain Lead<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"team-member\">\n\t\t  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/kayleigh_keller.png\" class=\"d-block rounded-circle mx-auto\" \/>\n\t\t  <p class=\"mt-2 fw-bold\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Kayleigh Keller<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Colorado State University<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Biostatistician<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"team-member\">\n\t\t  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/yao-yi_chiang.png\" class=\"d-block rounded-circle mx-auto\" \/>\n\t\t  <p class=\"mt-2 fw-bold\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Yao-Yi Chiang<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">University of Minnesota<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Computer Scientist<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"team-member\">\n\t\t  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/erik_meijer.png\" class=\"d-block rounded-circle mx-auto\" \/>\n\t\t  <p class=\"mt-2 fw-bold\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Erik Meijer<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">University of Southern California<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Economist<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"team-member\">\n\t\t  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/birgit_claus_henn.png\" class=\"d-block rounded-circle mx-auto\" \/>\n\t\t  <p class=\"mt-2 mb-0 fw-bold\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Birgit G. Claus Henn<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Boston University<\/p>\n\t\t  <p class=\"m-0\" style=\"margin-bottom:0px;\">Environmental Epidemiologist<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t  <\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<style>\n\t  .team-container {\n\t\tdisplay: grid;\n\t\tgrid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); \/* 5 items in a row on large screens *\/\n\t\tgap: 1rem;\n\t  }\n\n\t  .team-member {\n\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t  }\n\n\t  @media (max-width: 1023px) {\n\t\t.team-container {\n\t\t  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); \/* 2 items in a row on tablet screens *\/\n\t\t}\n\t  }\n\n\t  @media (max-width: 767px) {\n\t\t.team-container {\n\t\t  grid-template-columns: 1fr; \/* 1 item in a row on mobile screens *\/\n\t\t}\n\t  }\n\n\t  .team-member img {\n\t\twidth: 10rem;\n\t\theight: 10rem;\n\t\tobject-fit: cover;\n\t\tborder: 5px solid #4ec16a;\n\t\tborder-radius: 50%;\n\t  }\n\n\t  .mt-2 {\n\t\tmargin-top: 0.5rem;\n\t  }\n\n\t  .fw-bold {\n\t\tfont-weight: bold;\n\t  }\n\n\t  .m-0 {\n\t\tmargin: 0;\n\t  }\n\t<\/style>\n \n\n\n\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0px;\">\n    <h2 class=\"townhalls-heading\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2rem; margin-bottom: 0px; color: #4b2777;\" >\n    Overview\n    <\/h2>\n    <div\n    style=\"\n        position: relative;\n        width: 12px;\n        height: 12px;\n        background-color: #4ec16a;\n        border-radius: 50%;\"><\/div>\n    <div style=\"flex-grow: 1; height: 2px; background-color: #4ec16a\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<p>The Methods team focuses on key statistical and methodological issues that pose important challenges to research on Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias (AD\/ADRD) and the exposome across the six substantive GECC exposome domains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research in this area is cross-cutting, multidisciplinary, and collaborative, focusing on topics impacting multiple domains, including the appropriate measurement of exposome domains, and the development and use of appropriate models to describe the associations between exposures and AD\/ADRD outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Methods core has three overarching aims:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Improve and refine exposure estimates over time and space<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>\n    Estimates of various exposures, such as air quality or access to healthcare services, are often based on imperfect data. The methods team will focus on comparing, assessing, and developing a range of approaches to reduce bias and increase precision of estimates in the presence of many of the commonly occurring data challenges across substantive domains.\n  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Model the impacts of multiple exposures simultaneously<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>\n    Though research often focuses on one exposure at a time, individuals exist in a complicated world and are constantly faced with multiple, potentially interacting, exposures. Understanding and developing the optimal approaches for capturing and modeling these interactions is an important methodological topic.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Minimize bias in analyses estimating the effect of exposome features<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>\n   There are many possible sources of bias or reasons why a study may get the wrong answer. Issues around who is in the study (selection bias) or the quality of measurement (measurement error) are important topics that the Methods team will explore. Additionally, understanding how to synthesize evidence and triangulate findings across different types of studies can help in reducing risk of bias.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; \">\n<div\n  style=\"\n    flex-grow: 1;\n    height: 2px;\n    background-color: #4ec16a;\n    position: relative;\n  \"\n>\n  <div\n    style=\"\n      position: absolute;\n      top: 50%;\n      right: 0;\n      transform: translate(50%, -50%);\n      width: 12px;\n      height: 12px;\n      background-color: #4ec16a;\n      border-radius: 50%;\n    \"\n  ><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"townhalls-heading text-center m-2\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 10px; color: #4b2777;\">Priorities<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24f3e6761746b19fb28dc645d862a5eb\" style=\"color:#4b2777;font-size:24px;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Community Insights<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the fall of 2024, the GECC hosted a series of town hall meetings with hundreds of unique participants. These meetings yielded critical insights for the Methods domain, including highlighting key themes and gaps in research. Even among conversations that focused on specific exposome domains, such as the social environment, questions related to methodological approaches were pervasive throughout discussions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-240dec38577d830dfb994119b7f50f6b\" style=\"color:#4b2777\"><strong>Key Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Measurement of exposures and outcomes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lifecourse research and cumulative exposures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interactions between exposures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mixture methods<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Harmonization<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ef0053464b03a1ca185eca7d58bb6ad1\" style=\"color:#4b2777;padding-right:0;padding-left:0\"><strong>Gaps in research<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comparisons and documentation of methods for assessing lifecourse exposures and interactions or mixtures,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Best practices for conducting harmonized research across cohorts or contexts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consideration of mixtures across and within domains<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:0\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-680eda3ed5dd16257432140de6d3f74b\" style=\"color:#4b2777\"><strong>Steps to Improve Methods in Exposome Research<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Create documentation regarding best practices<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Discuss comparisons of different existing methodologic approaches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conduct simulation studies to evaluate the performance of different methods for different questions or types of data<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evaluate the performance of innovative approaches to address the limitations of existing methods<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; \">\n    <div\n    style=\"\n        flex-grow: 1;\n        height: 2px;\n        background-color: #4ec16a;\n        position: relative;\n    \"\n    >\n    <div\n        style=\"\n        position: absolute;\n        top: 50%;\n        right: 0;\n        transform: translate(50%, -50%);\n        width: 12px;\n        height: 12px;\n        background-color: #4ec16a;\n        border-radius: 50%;\n        \"\n    ><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"townhalls-heading\" style=\"padding-left: 0.2rem; color: #4b2777; margin-bottom: 0px;\">\n        Learn about other exposome domains\n    <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-ast-global-color-4-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/policy-environment\/\" style=\"text-decoration: none; color: black;\">\n<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/policy-environment\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"140\" height=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/policy_environment.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-352\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:100px;height:100px\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Policy Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/methods\/\" style=\"text-decoration: none; color: black;\">\n<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/methods\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"707\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods-1024x707.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-349\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:100px;height:100px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods-1024x707.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods-300x207.png 300w, https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods-768x530.png 768w, https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/methods.png 1448w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Methods<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/community-service\/\" style=\"text-decoration: none; color: black;\">\n<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/community-service\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"140\" height=\"133\" src=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/community_service_environment.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-323\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:100px;height:100px\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Community Services<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Methods Team Overview The Methods team focuses on key statistical and methodological issues that pose important challenges to research on [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>GECC - Gateway Exposome Coordinating Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/methods\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"GECC - Gateway Exposome Coordinating Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Methods Team Overview The Methods team focuses on key statistical and methodological issues that pose important challenges to research on [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wp.gatewayexposome.org\/index.php\/methods\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GECC - Gateway Exposome Coordinating Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-04-02T22:31:29+00:00\" 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